HISTORY OF ESTABLISHING AND DEVELOPING MINISTRY OF
AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development was
established since 1995 based on combination of Ministry of Agriculture and Food
Industry, Ministry of Forestry and Ministry of Irrigation.
A. FROM 1987 TO 1995:
I. Ministry of Agriculture and Food Industry
was earlier established by combination of Ministry of Agriculrure, Ministry of
Food and Ministry of Food Industry.
In 1987, with guideline of developing Vietnamese agriculture
to go with processing and consuming under a closed process from
produce-process-consume, the State Council issued Decree No 782 NQ HDNN 7 in
February 16th, 1987 on establishment of Ministry of Agriculture and
Food Industry based on merging Ministry of Agriculrure, Ministry of Food and
Ministry of Food Industry.
In March 5th, 1987 Minister Council issued Decree
No 46-HDBT regulating function, task and system organiztion of Ministry of
Agriculture and Food Industry. “Ministry of Agriculture and Food Industry is
office of Minister Council, which responsible of unifying the State management
on agriculture, food and food industry in the whole country followed the Party
Legal’s policy and guideline, ensuring demand of food and foodstuff for people,
national defence and material for industry and export agro-products”.
1. Minstry of Agriculture was established
and developed from Ministry of Farming (which was established in
November 14th, 1945);
establised Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry in February 1995; divided
Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry into four organizations: Agriculture
Ministry, Farm Ministry; Aquaculture General Office and Forestry General Office.
In April 1st, 1971, Central Agriculture Committee was set up by
merging Agriculture Ministry, Farm Ministry and Agricultural Producing
Cooperatives Management Board. The Committee was changed to Ministry of
Agriculture in 1976.
2. Ministry of Food was establised under
the Decree issued in January 22nd 1981 by Standing Committee of the
National Assembly.
3. Ministry of Food Industry was
establised under the Decree issued in January 22nd 1981 by Standing
Committee of the National Assembly.
After establishing and arranging, system structure of
Ministry of Agriculture and Food Industry consisted of:
- 46 departments, offices, boards majoring in State
management
- 26 institutes, centers majoring in science research
belonging to the Ministry
- 13 schools majoring in management, technique and worker
training
- 53 producing and trading units belonged to the Ministry at
level of Company, Corporation, Enterprise Union, conjugate enterprise (managing
more than 400 local economic units)
- 9 factories, enterprises belonged to the Ministry
In March 1990, the State Council
decided to consolidate offices of Minister Council which allocated function of
State management for rubber industry to Ministry of Agriculture and Food
Industry. Approving to disband Rubber General Office.
Task and authority of Ministry of
Agriculture and Food Industry was regulated in the Frame 1.
Frame 1: Task, authority of Ministry of Agriculture and Food Industry
- Based on guideline and policy of the Party, State legal to
build projects and master plans (long-term, 5-year, annual) on agricultural
production, food processing industry, purchasing and distributing food in the
country, submitting Minister Council to decide and organize implementation.
- Setting up legal projects, policies, systems, rules and
regulations, standards, economic and technical norms, processes, norms on:
agricultural production and food industry; food purchasing, preserving,
processing and distributing to submit Minister Council to decide or self-decide
in relevant to the Ministry’s authority.
- Setting up forecast of scientific and technical development
in agriculture and food industry, unify management of guideline and policy
implementation on science and technology, researching, developing science and
technology; conducting application of scientific and technical advances in food
and agricultural product producing, processing, preserving.
- Conducting implementation of reforming and completing
production relationship in agricultural producing, food processing in
State-owned enterprises and other economic sectors. Reforming and managing food
market.
- Conducting plan making and implementation of international
corporation plan on economic and science technology, agricultural and food
product export and import; receiving inputs for agricultural production and food
industry, food preserving and processing in accordance with the State’s
guideline and policy in foreign relationship.
- Submitting Minister Council to decide management system
structure from central to local.
- Submitting Minister Council to issue or self-issue
policies, systems for officers, officials, titles and speciality standards of
agricultural sector.
- Conducting production, import and procerument of technical
inputs, facilities in agricultural production, agricutural product and food
processing, food purchasing, preserving, processing and distributing (allocated
by the State). Instructing industries and localities to build specialized
infrastructure for agricultural production, food processing industry, food
purchasing, preserving, processing and distributing under the State’s plan.
- Bring into full play activeness in producing and trading in
localities. Conducting and checking units to ensure effect implementation of the
State’s tasks and plans; effect officers, labors, capital, inputs and facilities
using alloted by the State.
- Instruct, check industries, localities in the country about
State management function in agriculture, food and food-stuff industry to ensure
strict and united implementation of the sector’s management contents.
II. Ministry of Irrigation:
- In July 11st, 1994, the Government issued the Decree No
63-CP on task, authority and system structure of Ministry of Irrigation instead
of the Decree No88-CP issued in March 6th, 1979. The Decree No 63-CP
regulated that “Ministry of Irrigation is office of Government to implement
State management function on water resource (except for mineral material water
and ground water); on exploitation management of irrigation construction and
flood prevention, dyke maintainance in the country.
System structure of Ministry of Irrigation is regulated in
the Decree No 63-CP:
1. Organizations help Minister implement State management
function, including: Planning Department, Science and Technology Department,
Finance-Account and Statistic Department, Personel Department; Inspector;
International Cooperation Department; Irrigation Construction Management
Department; Secretariat office; Water Management and Irrigation Construction
Exploitation Department; Flood Prevention and Dyke Management Department.
2. Working organizations: Irrigation Planning Institute;
Science Research and Irrigation Economic Institute; Southern Irrigation Science
Research Institute (established from Southern Irrigation Science Sub-Institute);
Irrigation University; Management Training School; Irrigation Information Center
(irrigation magazine is included). Other working organizations were studied,
arranged and decided by Minister of Irrigation, Ministers, Chief of Organizing
Board – Government officers and related Ministries.
Task and authority of Ministry of Irrigation is regulated in
Frame 2
Frame 2: Task and authority of Ministry of Irrigation
Ministry of Irrigation implements task, authority and State
management function of the Ministry, ministerial level agencies, which is
regulated in the Decree No 15-CP issued in March 2nd, 1993 by the
Government and tasks are as followed:
1. Build and submit the Government strategy, master and
regional plan on water source development; on managing, exploiting and
protecting irrigation construction and flood prevention, dyke maintainance under
economic-socio development requirement and conducting to implement;
2. Build and submit the Government to issue or issue by
competence of legal documents, policies, regimes, processes, norms, standards,
economic and technical norms on management of exploiting, using and protecting
water sources, irrigation construction and flood prevention and dyke
maintainance;
3. Submit the Government to approve or approve by
competence of economic-technical facts of irrigation construction invested
project, designing, constructing and taking over plan of irrigation constructs
under current regulation of the Government on basic construction management;
4. Organize granting or revoking licences for building,
water exploiting and using, safe water environment for irrigation construction;
5. Implement standing task of Central Board of Flood
prevention and directly conduct flood prevention in the country;
6. Conduct implementing and regulating huge irrigation
construction, general using, inter-provincial construction;
7. Implement standing task of Mekong National Committee in
Vietnam and conduct implementing programs, projects related to managing and
exploiting Mekong River;
8. Check and inspect implementing laws, policies, regimes
on management of exploiting and protecting water source, irrigation construction
and flood preventation and dyke maintainance in the country. Quoted: Decree No
63-CP issued in July 11th, 1994 by the Government.
Ministry of Irrigation was initially formed from irrigation
function of Ministry of Transportation and Public Works (1945); President Ho Chi
Minh signed decree to establish Transportation Department in April 30th,
1953; Ministry of Irrigation and Architecture was formed in September 1995;
Ministry of Irrigation was formed in April 1958; then changed to Ministry of
Irrigation and Electricity in late 1960; in December 1962 changed to Ministry of
Irrigation.
III. Ministry of Forestry:
- Overview from 1976 to before 1994, Ministry of Forestry
managed the whole industry followed function, task and authority regulated for
General Office of Forestry by the Government.
- In 1976, the Government unified decision on united
government included Ministry of Forestry was formed from General Office of
Forestry.
- In 1991, the Government issued Law of Forest Development
and Protection.
- In February 1st, 1994, the Government issued the
Decree No 08CP on task, authority and system structure of Ministry of Forestry.
Position and function of Ministry of Forestry
was identified: “Ministry of Forestry is a Governmental office to implement
State management function on managing, protecting, building and developing
forest, using forest and is responsible for implementing State management on
protecting and developing forest regulated in Law of Forest Development and
Protection”.
System structure of Ministry of Forestry included:
- Organizations help Minister implement the State function:
Silviculture Department; Forest Indutrial Department; Forest Protection
Department, Science Technology Department; International Cooperation Department;
Inspector; Planning and Statistic Department; Financial and Accounting
Department; Personel and Labor Department; General Secretariat.
- Working organizations: Vietnam Forestry Science Institute;
Forest Planning and Investigation Institute; National Gardens; Forestry
University; Forestry Management Training School; Vocational and Worker Schools
are arranged by Ministry of Forestry and Government Staff Organization Board to
submit Prime Minister for approvement; Forestry Magazine; 3 centers for forest
protection technique I, II, III.
Ministry of Forestry was establised and developed from
Department of Forestry Service, which belonged to Ministry of Farming (November
1945); General Office of Forestry (1960); Ministry of Forestry was formed in
1976.
There are 6 technical worker schools that directly belonged
to Ministry of Forestry (teaching forestry jobs): Wood Processing Worker School
(Ha Nam Ninh); Central Forestry Worker School I (Lang Son); Central Forestry
Worker School II (Binh Dinh); Central Forestry Worker School III (Binh Duong);
Central Forestry Worker School IV (Phu Tho); Forestry Mechanic Worker School (Ha
Noi); 3 forestry vocational schools: School I (Quang Ninh), School II (Dong Nai)
and School III (Tay Nguyen, Gia Lai). This system is in the structure of
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development.
Task and authority of Ministry of Forestry is regulated in
Frame 3.
Third frame: the task and authority of Forestry
Ministry.
The Forestry Ministry is given the responsibility of
organising and carrying out the state management of protecting and developing
forest under the forest protection and development laws. Besides, according to
the 15 – CP/ Mar 2, 1993 the decree of Government, it has to take the duty,
authority and responsibility for state management like other ministries and
ministry – equal agencies, with the following specific tasks:
1. Submiting to the Government the managment and
development projects or plans on protecting, processing, exploiting and
reasonable utilizing forestry products, specialties, wild animals; the national
and inter- provincial projects or programs on forestry, including the green
recovering of bald hills, the rare faunal and floral protection; managing and
inspecting the above plans and projects under the approval of Government and
Prime minister.
2. Submiting to the Government the annual decision on
logging and exploiting forest products; policies on managing, protecting,
developing and utilizing forests; on forest lands; and on how to carry out these
policies and decisions.
3. Constructing and publishing procedures, norms, criteria,
technical and economic standards of planting, rearing forests, exploiting and
processing forest products, opening or closing forests, transporting and
processing timbers and forest products.
4. Identifying the plant and animal structure in forestry
corresponding to the forest economic structure, specific environment of each
region; organizing and guiding the forest-planting encouragement; unifying in
faunal and floral breed management; co-ordinating with related agencies in
floral breed exporting-importing management under the regulation of Government.
5. Organizing and guiding the forest control under the rules of forest
protection and development laws and the regulations of Government.
6. Organizing and guiding the professional inspection of the forest management
and protection, and the forest product utilization.
(Source: 08 CP Feb 1, 1994 decree of Government)
B. FROM 1995 UP TO NOW
Hesitating and developing the 10-year
renovation achievements in organizing government official agencies, the
Government took the orientation to change the single- profession managing
ministry into the multi – profession managing ministry with the relative similar
functions with the aim to reduce the overlap and separation among ministries for
more effectiveness in state management in agriculture, forestry, irrigation and
rural development.
From October 3 to October 28, 1995, in the 8th Meeting of the
9th Congress Course, under the Decree on establishing the Ministry of
Agriculture and Rural Development (MARD), the Ministry is established based
on the unifying of 3 ministries of Forestry, Agriculture and Food, and Water
Resource.
The political tasks of MARD include not only the initial
ministries’ tasks of agriculture, forest and irrigation, but also the higher
requirements of developing agriculture and rural areas sustainably, protecting
the natural resources (including lands, water and forests) and further gluing
the agriculture, forestry and irrigation development with rural development with
more than 60 million rural residents accounting for about 78 % of national
population.
On November 1st , 1995, the Government launched
the 73- CP decree on functions, tasks, authorities, and organization structure
of MARD.
On July 31st , 2007, the twelveth national
assembly passed the decree on government structure including the merge of
Fishery Ministry and MARD into Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development.
On January, 3rd
, 2007, the Government launched the Decree No.01/2008/NĐ-CP
on responsibilities, tasks, authoritoes and organization structure of MARD.
The decree No. 01/2008/NĐ-CP on MARD’s task “Ministry of
Agriculture and Rural Development is a state’s agency, carrying out tasks of
state management on such fields as agriculture, forestry, salt industry,
aqualculture, water resource and rural development in the country; of state
management on public services and fields under the management of the Ministry”
Organization structure of Ministry of Agriculture and
Rural Development (MARD):
1. Organizations in charge of state management:
- Planning Deparment
- Finance Department
- Science, Technology and Environment Deparment
- International Cooperation Department
- Legislation Department
- Personal and Organization Department
- Minterial Inspection
- MARD office
- Department of Cultivation
- Plant Protection Department
- Department of Husbandry
- Veternary/Animal Health Department
- Agro-forestry Processing and Salt Industry Department
- Forest Protection Department
- Forestry Department
- Aqua Exploiting and Protection Department
- Department of Aquaculture
- Water Resource Department
- Dyke Management and Flood Control Department
- Works/Construction Department
- Cooperatives and Rural Development Department
- Agro-aqua-forestry product quality management Department
2. Organizations on service delivery
- Information Technology and Statistics Centre
- Centre for Clean Water and Sanitation
- National Centre for Agriculture and Aqualculture Extention
- Vietnam Agriculture Newspaper
-
Agriculture and Rural Development Magazine .
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